tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6762539272036188002024-03-13T12:08:03.680-07:00Web Navigator..a blog contains tutorial of all web technologies.Vijin Paulrajhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02725601302368620939noreply@blogger.comBlogger1125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-676253927203618800.post-29978208522192916142011-11-23T06:17:00.001-08:002011-11-23T06:17:52.068-08:00Chapter-1 Introduction<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><br />
<div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.5pt; line-height: 115%;">History<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In 1980, physicist Tim Berners-Lee, who was a contractor at CERN, proposed and prototyped ENQUIRE, a system for CERN researchers to use and share documents. In 1989, Berners-Lee wrote a memo proposing an Internet-based hypertext system. Berners-Lee specified HTML and wrote the browser and server software in the last part of 1990.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <hr align="center" noshade="" size="1" style="color: #d4d4d4;" width="100%" /> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.5pt; line-height: 115%;">What is HTML?<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">HTML is a language for describing web pages.<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">HTML is not a programming language, it is a markup language<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">A markup language is a set of markup tags<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">HTML uses markup tags to describe web pages</span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif";"> <hr align="center" noshade="" size="1" style="color: #d4d4d4;" width="100%" /> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.5pt; line-height: 115%;">HTML Tags<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">HTML markup tags are usually called HTML tags<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">HTML tags are keywords surrounded by angle brackets like <html><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">HTML tags normally come in pairs like <b> and </b><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags<o:p></o:p></span></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <hr align="center" noshade="" size="1" style="color: #d4d4d4;" width="100%" /> </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">HTML Documents = Web Pages<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">HTML documents describe web pages<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain text<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">HTML documents are also called web pages<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The purpose of a web browser (like Internet Explorer or Firefox) is to read HTML documents and display them as web pages. The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page:<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="background: silver; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-highlight: silver;"><html><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="background: silver; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-highlight: silver;"><body><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="background: silver; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-highlight: silver;"><h1>My First Heading</h1><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="background: silver; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-highlight: silver;"><p>My first paragraph.</p><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="background: silver; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-highlight: silver;"></body><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 1in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in;"><span style="background: silver; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-highlight: silver;"></html></span><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 14.5pt; line-height: 115%;">Example Explained<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The text between <html> and </html> describes the web page<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The text between <body> and </body> is the visible page content<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The text between <h1> and </h1> is displayed as a heading<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The text between <p> and </p> is displayed as a paragraph<o:p></o:p></span></div></div>Vijin Paulrajhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02725601302368620939noreply@blogger.com0